Models and guidelines for the design and development of  digital teaching and learning in higher education

BLOOM Hub

BLOOM Hub

Piet Henderikx, George Ubachs, Alessandra Antonaci

These guidelines were carried out at EADTU European Association of Distance Teaching Universities 

This work was funded through the KA3 Erasmus+ Programme, project NR.: 606692-EPP-1-2018-2-FR-EPP- KA3-PI-POLICY, coordinated by Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne.
It will be published on the European BLOOM Hub for Digital Teaching and Learning, Networking and Mobility. The BLOOM hub is part of the OpenU project.

BLOOM The european hub for blended and online learning, networking and mobility

This document has been prepared for the European Commission. However, it represents only the opinion of the authors and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.

Authors
Piet Henderikx, George Ubachs, Alessandra Antonacci

Final editing
Beau Nijsten

Beau Nijsten

Publisher
Global Academic Press
ISBN:
NUR:

eBook design
Marian Sloot || www.proefschriftmaken.nl

Citation

Henderikx, P., Ubachs, G., & Antonaci, A. (2022). Models and guidelines for the design and development of teaching and learning in digital higher education. Global Academic Press. DOI: …………..

Imagemap

Tags: teaching and learning design, synchronous hybrid education, blended education, online
distance education, quality assurance digital higher education, institutional policy strategies and
frameworks digital higher education; COVID emergency practices in higher education; the European
Maturity Model for blended education (EMBED); the E-xcellence quality benchmarking instrument
for digital higher education; the TECOL platform; hybrid virtual classrooms; synchronous online
collaborative learning; the Learning Designer; ABC Learning Design (ABC-LD); Four-Component
Instructional Design (4CID); open and distance teaching universities; MOOCs; digital microcredentials;
microlearning units.

Acknowledgements to the experts of the following EU funded projects:

  • European Maturity Model for Blended Education (EMBED)
  • Professional Development for Digital Teaching and Learning (DigiTel Pro)

Content

Teaching and learning in digital higher education: an overview
Institutional policies for digital higher education Quality assurance for digital education Blended teaching and learning Basic concepts in digital higher education Online distance teaching and learning Impact of digitization at system level for degree, continuing and open education Institutional drivers and enablers Mature policy making The Common Guidelines for digitalization in higher education (POWERHEAD) The shift from emergency practices to the "new normal" guided by digital pedagogies Major approaches in digital higher education Interaction as the core of teaching and learning Constructive alignment Balancing learner and teacher control The iron triangle of quality, access and cost Embedding of digital pedagogies in international education and mobility Synchronous hybrid education Concept The TECOL platform Design of synchronous hybrid teaching and learning Synchronous online collaborative learning Blended teaching and learning Concept The Learning Designer ABC-Learning Design (ABC-LD) The Four-Component Instructional Design model (4CID) The European Maturity Model for Blended Education Online distance teaching and learning Concept Open and distance teaching universities MOOCs Online micro-credentials for continuing education and professional development Online microlearning units Maturity level Share and publish Multi-stakeholder perspectives Peer review European Standards and Guidelines and Considerations for E-learning The E-xcellence benchmarking instrument

The iron triangle of quality, access and cost

List of figures7
Introduction8
1. Teaching and learning in digital higher education: an overview9
2. Basic concepts in digital higher education11
The shift from emergency practices to the “new normal” guided by digital pedagogies12
Major approaches in digital higher education12
Interaction as the core of teaching and learning13
Interaction in classic face-to-face/classroom education/ lectures14
Digital learning: going beyond classic face to face14
Balancing learner and teacher control14
Constructive alignment14
The iron triangle of quality, access and cost15
Quality15
Access15
Cost16
Embedding of digital pedagogies in international education and mobility16
3. Synchronous hybrid education18
Concept18
Reports on research, innovation and selected best practices18
The hybrid virtual classroom19
Integration in blended and online distance learning19
Design of synchronous hybrid teaching and learning19
The TECOL platform19
Synchronous online collaborative learning22
4. Blended teaching and learning25
Concept26
Research, innovation and best practices reports26
The blended learning wave26
Design models27
The Learning Designer28
Theoretical background28
Sequencing learning activities towards six learning types28
The Learning Designer tool30
ABC-Learning Design (ABC-LD)33
Theoretical background33
ABC-LD workshop toolkits for learning design33
Technological support tool wheel36
Specific toolkits for MOOCs designers36
The Four-Component Instructional Design model (4CID)36
Theoretical background37
Learning complex tasks38
A set of generic instructional design guidelines in ten steps38
The 4CID community website38
The European Maturity Model for Blended Education38
Maturity levels and dimensions39
Criteria and instruments39
Maturity at the course level40
Maturity at the programme level41
Maturity at the institutional level43
EMBED guidelines and MOOC45
5. Online distance teaching and learning46
Concept and challenges of online distance education48
Concept48
Reports on research, innovation and selected best practices48
Challenges in online distance education49
Online distance education in mainstream degree education during and after COVID49
Open and distance teaching universities50
Maximizing quality and accessibility50
Towards a virtual campus50
Teachers and tutors51
Study centers and tutorials51
Assessment52
Research and innovation52
MOOCs52
The MOOC movement52
MOOC-based programmes53
MOOC platforms as interfaces with the labour market53
Monitoring of online and distance course design by MOOC platforms53
MOOC support teams in universities53
MOOC design models and guidelines54
Futurelearn design models and guidelines54
Online micro-credentials for continuing education and professional development54
Concept55
European developments55
The Recommendation of the EU Council of Ministers56
Future steps at institutional, national and EU level57
Micro-credential courses and programmes57
Design of online micro-credentials58
Design of joint micro-credentials within EUI alliances and networks58
Online microlearning units59
Concept59
Functionalities59
Design60
6. Quality assurance for digital education62
Multi-stakeholder perspectives63
Multi-level approach63
European Standards and Guidelines and Considerations for E-learning64
The E-xcellence benchmarking instrument64
Peer review65
Maturity level65
Share and publish65
7. Institutional policies for digital higher education67
Impact of digitization at system level for degree, continuing and open education67
Institutional drivers and enablers69
Drivers69
Enablers70
Mature policy making71
The Common Guidelines for digitalization in higher education (POWERHEAD)71
Vision and policies72
Digital skills and readiness72
Student involvement and well-being73
Course and curriculum design73
Funding and infrastructure73
Cooperation and stakeholders73
References75

List of figures

Fig. 1. BLOOM models and guidelines for the design and development of digital teaching and
learning in higher education
Fig. 2. Basic concepts in digital higher education
Fig. 3. Interaction as the core of teaching and learning
Fig. 4. The “iron triangle” showing that technology can stretch the vectors of quality and access at a
lower cost (Daniel, J., 2016)
Fig. 5. Concept and design of synchronous higher education
Fig. 6. A virtual classroom setting
Fig. 7. Activity-centered analysis and design framework (Goodyear, Carvalho and Yeoman, 2021)
Fig. 8. Blended education: concept and design models
Fig. 9. The blended learning wave (van Valkenburg et al., 2020)
Fig. 10. Examples of online and offline educational formats. (van Valkenburg et al., 2020)
Fig. 11. Designer screen for creating a learning design from scratch (the Learning Designer)
Fig. 12. Directory screen for a session on collaborative learning
Fig. 13. A sequence of learning cards per week indicating the learning type. At the reverse side of the
cards examples of learning activities are given (ABC-LD toolkit).
Fig. 14. Examples of learning activities for each learning type: V-visible learning; A- can be assessed
(ABC-LD toolkit)
Fig. 15. A storyboard with learning activities and an analytic graph.
Fig. 16. Learning types and technological tools (ABC-LD, UCL Digital Education)
Fig. 17. A graphical view on the four components: (a) learning tasks, (b) supportive information, (c)
procedural information, and (d) part-task practice (Jeroen J. G. van Merriënboer, 2020)
Fig. 18. Spider charts after multi-layer maturity decision-making assessment
Fig. 19. EMBED maturity dimensions at the course level
Fig. 20. EMBED maturity dimensions at the programme level
Fig. 21. EMBED maturity dimensions of institutional policies and conditions:
Fig. 22. Online distance education: concept and design in context
Fig. 23. Virtual learning space with learning activities at the centre, and interactions with learning
resources, teaching staff and a networked community
Fig. 24 Mandatory and optional elements in the Recommendation of the EU Council of Ministers on
Micro-credentials
Fig. 25. Quality assurance in digital higher education
Fig. 26. E-xcellence, toward an E-xcellence Associate Label
Fig. 27. Institutional policies for digital higher education
Fig. 28. Impact of digitalization of higher education at system level in the three areas of provision:
degree education, continuing education and professional development and open education
Fig. 29. The drivers of professional activity in the HE system balanced against the enablers for
innovation in learning technology (bold indicates the more powerful ones) (Laurillard, 2012, 2015)

next chapter: Introduction